ICE-B 2008 Abstracts


Area 1 - Communication and Software Technologies and Architectures

Full Papers
Paper Nr: 15
Title:

A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN ULTRA-THIN CLIENT SYSTEM

Authors:

Colin Pattinson and Tahir Siddiqui

Abstract: Power consumption of individual devices is often ignored in the development of computer networks. The traditional approach to a local areas network, such as might be deployed in a cyber-café or classroom environment, has a number of workstations attached to a server, where the workstations have very similar specifications (and hence power demands) to the server. Intuitively, this means there is significant over specification of the workstation, and that much of the capability of the device is not used, with consequential wasted energy. Alternative topologies exist, particularly those which make use of thin client technology, and are meeting with success particularly in developing countries, where cost and power consumption take on a much greater importance. One such design is the ndiyo project, which is delivering thin-client based network solutions to a number of nations, allowing IT support to be deployed in places where it would not have otherwise been achievable. In this paper, we report our work in developing a simulation model to allow us to study the behaviour and operation of ndiyo, offering us the opportunity to carry out some “what if” analyses of the behaviour of such systems under differing network loads.
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Paper Nr: 31
Title:

USING CO-OCCURRENCE TO CLASSIFY UNSTRUCTURED DATA IN TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES

Authors:

Motoi Iwashita, Ken Nishimatsu and Shinsuke Shimogawa

Abstract: A variety of services have recently been provided according to the highly-developed networks and personal equipment. Connecting this equipment becomes more complicated with advancement of these day by day. Because software is often updated to keep up with advancements in services or security, problems such as no-connection increase and determining the cause become difficult in some cases. Telecom operators must understand the situation and act as quickly as possible when they receive customer enquiries. In this paper, we propose one method for analyzing and classifying customer enquiries that enables quick and efficient responses. Because customer enquiries are generally stored as unstructured textual data, this method is based upon a co-occurrence technique to enable classification of a large amount of unstructured data into patterns.
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Short Papers
Paper Nr: 40
Title:

FLEXIBLE DATA SEARCHS USING CONDITION FORMULAS

Authors:

Toshio Kodama, Tosiyasu L. Kunii and Yoichi Seki

Abstract: Cyberworlds are distributed systems on the Web, and are constantly evolving like living things, creating value. Currently, numerous Web business applications, such as cyberworld systems are being built, but in the development of the systems, combinatorial explosion happens because schemas and application programs must be modified whenever schemas change. We designed and implemented the logic of a flexible data search function by employing a condition formula on the cellular data system. This is the starting point to the implementation of the process graph theory, which makes a linear approach to overcoming combinatorial explosion possible.
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Paper Nr: 60
Title:

ANALYZING DECENTRALIZED GOVERNABILITY OF BUSINESS PROCESSES BY EXTENDED PETRI NETS AND MODAL LOGICS

Authors:

Takashi Hattori, Hiroshi Kawakami, Osamu Katai and Takayuki Shiose

Abstract: We introduce a novel notion of decentralized governance structure of event-driven processes together with the notions of their behavioral and structural correctness. The ways for attaining correct process behavior, as well as the notion of decentralized governability, are examined based on temporal logical analyses of process behavior via Petri net representations of process structures. Also, the deontic and temporal logical prescriptions of normative constraints (tasks) on the processes are introduced that are then translated into extended hierarchical Petri net structures. The conflicts among these tasks are examined on this hierarchical structure.
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Paper Nr: 60
Title:

ANALYZING DECENTRALIZED GOVERNABILITY OF BUSINESS PROCESSES BY EXTENDED PETRI NETS AND MODAL LOGICS

Authors:

Takashi Hattori, Hiroshi Kawakami, Osamu Katai and Takayuki Shiose

Abstract: We introduce a novel notion of decentralized governance structure of event-driven processes together with the notions of their behavioral and structural correctness. The ways for attaining correct process behavior, as well as the notion of decentralized governability, are examined based on temporal logical analyses of process behavior via Petri net representations of process structures. Also, the deontic and temporal logical prescriptions of normative constraints (tasks) on the processes are introduced that are then translated into extended hierarchical Petri net structures. The conflicts among these tasks are examined on this hierarchical structure.
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Paper Nr: 76
Title:

AN ARCHITECTURE FOR DYNAMIC INVARIANT GENERATION IN WS-BPEL WEB SERVICE COMPOSITIONS

Authors:

Manuel Palomo Duarte, García Domínguez Antonio and Inmaculada Medina-Bulo

Abstract: Web services related technologies (especially web services compositions) play now a key role in e-Business and its future. Languages to compose web services, such as the OASIS WS-BPEL 2.0 standard, open a vast new field for programming in the large. But they also present a challenge for traditional white-box testing, due to the inclusion of specific instructions for concurrency, fault compensation or dynamic service discovery and invocation. Automatic invariant generation has proved to be a successful white-box testing-based technique to test and improve the quality of traditional imperative programs. This paper proposes a new architecture to create a framework that dynamically generates likely invariants from the execution of web services compositions in WS-BPEL to support white-box testing.
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Paper Nr: 92
Title:

A NEW REINFORCEMENT SCHEME FOR STOCHASTIC LEARNING AUTOMATA - Application to Automatic Control

Authors:

Florin Stoica, Popa Emil Marin and Pah Iulian

Abstract: A Learning Automaton is a learning entity that learns the optimal action to use from its set of possible actions. It does this by performing actions toward an environment and analyzes the resulting response. The response, being both good and bad, results in behaviour change to the automaton (the automaton will learn based on this response). This behaviour change is often called reinforcement algorithm. The term stochastic emphasizes the adaptive nature of the automaton: environment output is stochastically related to the automaton action. The reinforcement scheme presented in this paper is shown to satisfy all necessary and sufficient conditions for absolute expediency for a stationary environment. An automaton using this scheme is guaranteed to „do better” at every time step than at the previous step. Some simulation results are presented, which prove that our algorithm converges to a solution faster than one previously defined in (Ünsal, 1999). Using Stochastic Learning Automata techniques, we introduce a decision/control method for intelligent vehicles, in infrastructure managed architecture. The aim is to design an automata system that can learn the best possible action based on the data received from on-board sensors or from the localization system of highway infrastructure. A multi-agent approach is used for effective implementation. Each vehicle has associated a “driver” agent, hosted on a JADE platform.
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Paper Nr: 93
Title:

BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE THROUGH REAL-TIME TRACKING - Using a Location System Towards Behaviour Pattern Extraction

Authors:

Pedro Abreu, Vasco Vinhas and Pedro Mendes

Abstract: Nowadays, tracking systems constitute an important knowledge support in order to compute important measurements in companys processes efficiency. As consequence of that, this project proposes a methodology and an application, based on a tracking system to obtain, by automatic means, dynamic location data on items. This solution assumes that the client carries or drives an item of some kind. In each item there is an identifying tag attached and hidden in order to make the item at hand detectable by all the sensors that are scattered around the area. Because of the fact that the tag is light and hidden and also has no information regarding the specific person/agent this process is completely transparent to the client or robot that is being implicitly tracked. This system produces real-time shop floor visualization maps with intelligible data on online item localization; individual item complete path routes; online and historical population density rates and path routes concentration; and also item vision enabled concentration maps as emulation for item omnidirectional vision considering occlusions. This proposed system might be useful in many different areas, for instance in a traditional retail environment tracing clients through a commercial area or enabling item tracking and route analysis in a hospital.
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Paper Nr: 143
Title:

A FRAMEWORK FOR DYNAMIC KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION

Authors:

Ana Aguilera and Alberto Subero

Abstract: This article proposes a conceptual model based on agents in medical workgroups for the resolution of clinical cases. Our objective is to provide a suitable conceptual framework for the dynamic acquisition of expert knowledge from different sources. This framework is sufficiently flexible to allow its transformation to the symbolic level that finally characterizes the implementation approach; it is a design model prior to implementation. We considered an interface design to be used for the integration and combination of different sources of expertise. The subject which interests us is the knowledge produced in the workgroup processes.
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Paper Nr: 146
Title:

PRES – PERSONALIZED EVALUATION SYSTEM IN A WEB COMMUNITY - A Conceptual Model Designed to Evaluate Reputation in Order to Achive a Personalised View on the System for Each User

Authors:

Lenuta Alboaie

Abstract: The purpose of the PRES model is to build a flexible and easy way to manage resources in a personalized manner. Our proposed model assures for every user that his preferences are important and permits the formation of some homogenous groups on the basis of these preferences. The homogeneity is due by the relations resulted from the explicit and implicit evaluations of resources. The purpose of the proposed model is to build a flexible way to filter irrelevant resources for users. In this way, a user which is member to a community based on the PRES model will dynamically see information that he/she is most interested in.
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Paper Nr: 16
Title:

A STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF “WAKE UP ON LAN” AS A MEANS OF POWER MANAGEMENT

Authors:

Colin Pattinson and Linton Robinson

Abstract: The growing awareness of the fragile nature of our environment, and of the damage that humankind is causing to that environment, makes it necessary to review the environmental impact of all aspects of human activity. One such area is the operation of corporate information technology (IT) systems. The growth in the number and complexity of such systems over recent decades has led to a consequent increase in their power requirements, to the point where for organisations of any size, “corporate IT” will be a major contributor to the organisation’s overall energy consumption. A drive for overall reductions in consumption will, in the words of the chair of the newly formed UK Environmental IT Leadership Team, mean “the IT department becomes the focus of carbon reduction policies”. It is therefore timely to consider the present situation in respect of power consumption within corporate IT systems, and to explore the potential avenues for reducing that consumption. In this paper, we will briefly overview the area of power usage in IT, before reporting on the outcomes of a specific project in which we explored the operation of the “wake on LAN” method in a real situation.
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Paper Nr: 65
Title:

ALGORITHM AND AN ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM EXAMPLE FOR CTL MODEL UPDATE

Authors:

Laura C. Stoica, Pah Iulian, Popa Emil Marin and Brumar Cristina Ioana

Abstract: In this paper is presented an update of the Computational Tree Logic (CTL) model checker. The minimal modifications which appear represent the fundamental concept for model the dynamic system. In the paper we use five primitive operations discompose from the operation of a CTL update used already by (Baral, 2005) which presented their approach of knowledge updated on the structures of single agent S5 Kripke. Then we will define the criteria of minimal change for the CTL model update based on these primitive operations. In the final section of this paper are presented the steps of implement the CTL model updated and are described some details of algorithm implementation by applying the model update to the elevator control scenario. The paper (Ding, 2006) is base of results obtained.
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Paper Nr: 89
Title:

COMMON TEXTILE VOCABULARIES AND DOCUMENTS - A Conceptual Foundation of a Globally Interoperable Textile e-Marketplace

Authors:

Jingzhi Guo and Zhuo Hu

Abstract: This paper has proposed a novel common textile vocabulary and document framework (TexVDF) in a collaborative network to enable cross-domain level business information sharing and business document exchange in a semantically consistent way. The approach to this framework is motivated through presenting some real-world examples of business inquiries with product specifications. By these examples, two problems are detected on how to achieve semantic commonality between cross-domain level business vocabularies for textile e-Marketplace mediators and how to allow specificity of cross-domain level common business document templates for local textile e-Marketplace mediators yet still maintaining semantic consistency. To solve these two problems, this paper has firstly reviewed CONEX technologies relevant to the newly developed TexVDF approach, which includes a TexVDF framework, a P2P collaborative textile concept mapping model and a textile business document template model. These two models have been demonstrated by examples to see how they should work.
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Paper Nr: 104
Title:

PROPOSAL OF AN ARCHITECTURE FOR DIGITAL CITIES CREATION - Proposal of an Architecture P2P for Digital Cities Creation

Authors:

André Panhan, Denys Santos and Leonardo Mendes

Abstract: The term digital cities do not have a precise definition. The number of digital cities, whose development started from the 90s, is constantly growing. Motivated by the increase of these cities, this paper describes architecture for digital cities environment as a proposal to create a middleware for the interconnection of the various segments of society. This middleware is structured in a Platform for P2P networks, also known as DHT, with emphasis in the JXTA modified protocol.
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Paper Nr: 110
Title:

OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE AND LEVERAGING OF BUSINESS EFFECTIVENESS IN SMES - A Case Study

Authors:

Steven Butler, Dotun Adebanjo and Ismail Hossam

Abstract: This research investigated the issues that impact on an SME adopting e-Business. It was found that many barriers may exist for e-Business adoption in an SME. One of which is limited financial resources to purchase internet technology required for e-Business adoption and development. However, open source technology has grown in popularity for a number of years, with governments, business firms, military and educational organisations incorporating open source software. This paper provides an overview on open source technology which could be adopted for e-Business architecture for the development of e-Business applications. Furthermore, it provides two action research case studies on SMEs adopting open source software for the development of e-Business capabilities. It was found the projects were successfully developed and implemented for each case study company. Although successful, the research team found that more research is required in open source software for the development of e-Business applications.
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Paper Nr: 110
Title:

OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE AND LEVERAGING OF BUSINESS EFFECTIVENESS IN SMES - A Case Study

Authors:

Steven Butler, Dotun Adebanjo and Ismail Hossam

Abstract: This research investigated the issues that impact on an SME adopting e-Business. It was found that many barriers may exist for e-Business adoption in an SME. One of which is limited financial resources to purchase internet technology required for e-Business adoption and development. However, open source technology has grown in popularity for a number of years, with governments, business firms, military and educational organisations incorporating open source software. This paper provides an overview on open source technology which could be adopted for e-Business architecture for the development of e-Business applications. Furthermore, it provides two action research case studies on SMEs adopting open source software for the development of e-Business capabilities. It was found the projects were successfully developed and implemented for each case study company. Although successful, the research team found that more research is required in open source software for the development of e-Business applications.
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Paper Nr: 137
Title:

AN ONTOLOGY-BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT

Authors:

Roberto Paiano, Anna L. Guido and Enrico Pulimeno

Abstract: The increasing interest towards e-business systems, and thus the need of the companies to communicate with other companies in an efficient and flexible way, brings to a new way of thinking about information systems that open itself towards distributed systems where the exchange of information may happen. The problem is in the way that this exchange can be made both from the technology point of view and from the conceptual point of view. If from a side a recent technology for information exchange (DDS- Data Distribution Service) can help us from the other one it seem interesting the use of ontology as representation tool of application domain that must open itself to the communication. In this paper we present an architecture that is oriented to a multi-agent communication that uses ontologies and DDS as information exchange protocol. The architecture here presented must be repeat without difficulties on an e-business system assuming that each agent of the proposed architecture is a company in an e-business system.
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Paper Nr: 140
Title:

SECURE IT/TELCO ENVIRONMENT PLANNING MADE EASY - A Concept of a Tool for Planning Secure IT/Telco Infrastructure and Applications

Authors:

Wolfgang Haidegger

Abstract: This paper first motivates the necessity of a planning tool for IT infrastructure and applications, which allows the inclusion of security measures in an automated way. Then the author summarizes the requirements coming from legal and technical standards, which serve as a framework to assure the compliance of the results of planning activities with the respective applicable regulations. Next, a rough concept for realizing the planning tool is presented and finally conclusions are presented.
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Area 2 - Web and Mobile Business Systems and Services

Full Papers
Paper Nr: 13
Title:

MOBILE TOURISM SERVICES - Experiences from Three Services on Trial

Authors:

Niklas Eriksson and Peter Strandvik

Abstract: For this study a field trial was conducted to identify the determinants for tourists’ intentions to use three trial services targeting tourists on tour, in this case on the Åland Islands in Finland. We identified that the major barrier for the non usage of the trial services was linked to the type of travel that the trial group participated in. Also price transparency and ease of use especially ease to take new mobile services into use should be highlighted in mobile tourism service development. Moreover, we came across some basic reminders to take into account when commercializing mobile services, such as carefully define a customer target group, estimate potential usage volume and plan marketing / sales tactics. These aspects are not necessarily realized enough in technology development.
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Paper Nr: 57
Title:

ADOPTION VERSUS USE DIFFUSION - Predicting User Acceptance of Mobile TV in Flanders

Authors:

Tom Evens, Lieven De Marez and Dimitri Schuurman

Abstract: In the contemporary changing ICT environment, an increasing number of services and devices are being developed and brought to end-user market. Unfortunately, this environment is also characterized by an increasing number of failing innovations; confronting scholars, policy makers as well as industry with an explicit need for more accurate user research. Such research must result in more accurate predictions and forecasts of an innovation’s potential, as a basis for more efficient business planning and strategy implementation. However, the success of a new technology is not only depending on the adoption decision and the number of people actually buying it, but relies at least as much on its actual usage. Hence, the focus of truly user-oriented acceptance or potential prediction should focus on predicting both adoption diffusion and use diffusion. Within this paper, we illustrate the added value of such an interactionist approach for the study of future adoption and usage of mobile TV by the assessment of both a large-scale intention survey and qualitative techniques such as diary studies, focus group interviews, observational and ethnographic methods.
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Paper Nr: 98
Title:

ADOPTION OF MOBILE SERVICES IN FINLAND - Conceptual Model and Application-based Case Study

Authors:

Mari Ervasti and Heli Helaakoski

Abstract: This paper offers both theoretical and empirical contributions relating to the consumers’ motives for and barriers to adopting mobile services. A case study of a mobile service is introduced to validate the factors that facilitate and trigger, and respectively hinder the acceptance of mobile services in Finland. The factors affecting the service adoption were researched based on a conceptual model that was a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Based on the findings from a survey conducted with a sample of 52 Finnish campus students, the factors that affect consumers’ attitudes towards mobile services were discovered. Usefulness was revealed to have the strongest impact on attitude towards a mobile service, with context information and attitude acting as significant determinants of the intention to use the service. This study attempts to help mobile service providers choose right development and marketing strategies for mobile services and enhance the adoption and diffusion of mobile services.
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Short Papers
Paper Nr: 10
Title:

THE ROLE OF AUDIO-VISUAL METAPHORS IN AIDING THE COMMUNICATION OF CUSTOMER KNOWLEDGE - User Satisfaction Prespective

Authors:

Dimitris Rigas and Mutlaq Alotaibi

Abstract: The purpose of this paper was to examine the implications of employing multimodal user interaction in Electronic Customer Knowledge Management Systems (E-CKMS). There are various challenges to E-CKMS mentioned in current literature and reported (trust and knowledge hoarding, structured transfer of knowledge and content and relevancy issues). As empirical CKM studies that examine the role of multimodal interaction in this field are generally lacking, this paper reports research conducted to evaluate this role and measure user satisfaction. This evaluation was undertaken empirically by developing two E-CKMS experimental platforms (text with graphics only and multimodal). The major findings indicated that user satisfaction was significantly improved by using multimodal metaphors. Further investigation is needed to determine the usefulness of two multimodal versions on E-CKMS instead of comparing text with graphics only with multimodal.
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Paper Nr: 39
Title:

A PERVASIVE NUTRITIONAL MONITORING AND ADVISE SYSTEM - NutriMe

Authors:

Vitor Basto Fernandes, João Varajão and António Cunha

Abstract: It is well known, widely accepted, scientifically proved and published by major governmental and non-governmental organizations worldwide (e.g. WHO - World Health Organization), that nutritional misbehaviour in so called developed countries, is a major cause of diseases, morbidity and death. The phenomenon is mainly felt in aged populations, but a significant increase has also been detected more recently in young populations. This paper presents a proposal to tackle serious social and behavioural problems related to aging and nutrition. NutriMe is presented as a nutritional monitoring and advising system to help individuals to monitor and correct their behaviours. We also propose NutriMe as the main component for a public national observatory on nutritional profiles for public health analysis purposes.
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Paper Nr: 48
Title:

REPLICATION OF WEB SERVICES FOR QOS GUARANTEES IN WEB SERVICE COMPOSITION

Authors:

Dirk Thissen and Thomas Brambring

Abstract: The concept of web services defines a middleware for implementing distributed applications independent of used platforms and programming languages. When developing new software systems, re-use of functionnality of existing services can be done to reduce development time and costs. This process of re-use is called web service composition. But, current web service standards are not equipped to consider non-functional requirements, i.e. quality of service (QoS) aspects of a user to a composed service. Thus, capabilities of composed services cannot be guaranteed. This paper presents an approach to integrate QoS aspects into the composition of web services by using service replication. At composition time, service instances are chosen depending on the QoS requirements of a user to the whole service, and it is decided which services in the composition have to be replicated and which replication strategy to use. Replication ensures that the QoS requirements are not only considered at service selection time, but also can be granted at service runtime.
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Paper Nr: 69
Title:

AN E-VORTAL FOR THE PORTUGUESE BAKING INDUSTRY - Requirements Model

Authors:

Jorge Gouveia, Paula Oliveira and João Varajão

Abstract: Nowadays, Internet is fundamental to the development of the competitive capability of practically any industry. Web portals, mainly the vertical portals, have in this context a major role, because they are basic instruments for the dissemination and search of the information. Despite this fact, it is apparent that no such Web solution is available in Portugal for the baking industry, in spite of the fact that this is one of the major industrial sectors in the national context. Believing that the lack of a vertical portal for the baking sector is a deterrent to its growth, in this paper we present the results from a study developed to identify the main requirements for a system of this kind.
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Paper Nr: 94
Title:

ON EXPLORING CONSUMERS’ TECHNOLOGY FORESIGHT CAPABILITIES - An Analysis of 4,000 Mobile Service Ideas

Authors:

Petteri Alahuhta, Pekka Abrahamsson and Antti Nummiaho

Abstract: Lead user driven innovation and open innovation paradigms seek to involve consumers and common people to innovative product development projects. In order to help developers choose ideas that meet the end users’ needs, we undertook a massive collaborative research effort and collected 40,000 ideas from 2,150 common people about future mobile services that they would like to use. We inspired each people to produce tens of mobile service ideas. In this paper we carry out an analysis for 4,000 ideas from the idea database. We had a particular interest in whether peoples’ ideas can be used in foreseeing the technology development needs. The results show that end users produce ideas that are conservative more than novel. Therefore, we claim that consumers’ technology foresight horizon is limited by the existing technological base. The second finding, linked to the previous one, is that the great majority of the ideas that consumers expressed could be realised utilizing existing technologies. The implication of this finding is that the idea database should be an interesting source of ideas for service developers. The third finding of the study, related to the methodology, is that a vast number of ideas can be collected fairly easily but analyzing them cost effectively is a challenge.
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Paper Nr: 103
Title:

AN ANALYSIS OF CONTEXT-AWARENESS IN COMMERCIAL MOBILE SERVICES

Authors:

Ana M. Bernardos, Daniel Marcos and José R. Casar

Abstract: This contribution aims at analyzing context-awareness from a commercial point of view, studying how the utilization of context descriptors and features in mobile services has evolved during the period 2003-2008. The analysis is based on the information collected during a Technology Watch activity; this methodology has provided us with a large database of mobile services, built from monthly updates of mobile novelties and commercial launches. Services in the database have firstly been categorized regarding their functionalities, in order to get the big picture of the mobile ecosystem in this period of time. Afterwards, we have identified a list of descriptors (personal, physical or activity related) and features (related to resources discovery, management and communications and also to advances HCIs) which are usually identified in context-aware applications and systems prototypes. The use of these descriptors and features has been evaluated for each service and some trends have been detected. Our general conclusion is that nowadays few commercial mobile services can be considered “context-aware”, although isolated features (mainly related to personalization) are perceived in many applications. Due to their functionalities, location aware services and mobile social networks are leading the use of context parameters.
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Paper Nr: 105
Title:

AN ACCESS-CONTROL MODEL FOR MOBILE COMPUTING WITH SPATIAL CONSTRAINTS - Location-aware Role-based Access Control with a Method for Consistency Checks

Authors:

Michael Decker

Abstract: Some of the most salient challenges that come along with the employment of mobile information systems stem from security issues: portable devices like PDAs, smartphones and notebooks easily get stolen or lost and wireless data transmission could be eavesdropped, so that unauthorized individuals gain access to confidential resources. One approach to tackle these problems is location-aware access control, i.e. based on knowledge about the user’s position the information system can decide if access to a resource should be granted or not. For example a nurse using a PDA should only be allowed to access confidential patient data while staying on the premises of the hospital. In our article we present a data model for location-aware access control based on the concepts of roles. Using our model it is possible to assign location restrictions to several entities, e.g. to users, to roles or permissions. We also propose a method to analyze the consistency of spatial constraints expressed by an instance of our model.
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Paper Nr: 118
Title:

A PLATFORM FOR INVESTIGATING EFFECTIVENESS FOR STATIC, ADAPTABLE, ADAPTIVE, AND MIXED-INITIATIVE ENVIRONMENTS IN E-COMMERCE

Authors:

Khalid Al-Omar and Dimitris Rigas

Abstract: This paper introduces an empirical study to investigate the use of four interaction conditions: Static, Adaptable, Adaptive, and Mixed-initiative. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of these four conditions with regard to the number of tasks completed by all users and the number of users who completed all tasks. In order to carry out this comparative investigation, four experimental interfaces were built separately. These environments were tested independently by four separate groups of users, each group consisting of 15 users. The results demonstrated that in the searching tasks the most effective condition was the Mixed-Initiative. In the learnable tasks the most effective condition was the Adaptable condition. In addition, the Static approach was found to be less effective than all other approaches.
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Paper Nr: 127
Title:

AN ENHANCED SERVICE PROVIDER COMMUNICATION INTERFACE WITH CLIENT PRIORITIZATION - Case Study on Fast-food Chain Restaurants

Authors:

Slobodan Lukovic, Nikola Puzovic and Milos Stanisavljevic

Abstract: With the increased dynamics of modern life, the efficiency and reliability of everyday services is emerging to be a fundamental concern. On the other hand, modern telecommunication technologies, like wireless Internet access, are penetrating all segments of our life. However, many every day activities and services still do not fully exploit new technologies. We propose an approach that enables increased deployment of E-commerce concepts in the fields where their usage was either small or negligible. Moreover, in the scope of the same concept, we introduce prioritization of clients in services where it was not commonly present to date. A solution for enhanced communication interface between service provider and customers is developed. As a case study, the system is designed and optimized for an implementation in a fast-food chain. The proposed solution is aiming at increasing of quality of service for customers, and at the same time increasing the operational efficiency of the provider. The main idea behind this approach is to enable customers to use their mobile devices, such as cell phones or PDAs, for browsing offered services or goods, viewing current service conditions and placing orders. We will detail theoretical concepts underneath and describe the implementation on both server and client side.
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Paper Nr: 136
Title:

MOBILE BUSINESS EXPERT ADVISOR

Authors:

Danco Davcev, Marjan Arsic and Dalibor Ilievski

Abstract: In this position paper, we introduce the service which enables consultations by the Experts and/or web services via mobile devices. The advanced development of wireless networks and mobile devices with various connection features made a great substrate for the development of services which are based on immediate response. One such service is a service for on-demand knowledge. A Helpdesk operator can post a request for consultation to the Experts and/or web services. The goal is to make knowledge available on demand at any time and any place. This approach gives faster problem solutions, more productive expert and/or web services, and high availability of the knowledge.
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Paper Nr: 145
Title:

A MOBILE BUSINESS PROCESS DEPLOYMENT FRAMEWORK FOR DEVICE INDEPENDENCE AND CONTEXT-AWARE ENVIRONMENTS

Authors:

Torab Torabi, Saqib Ali and Hassan Ali

Abstract: Deployment of a business process to mobile devices in different context and in a device independence environment is a challenging task. The desirable is that a Business Process could be deployed to any mobile device in any location or environment the user operates. One obstacle in business process deployment on mobile devices is the rapid changes in mobile technologies. In this research we have developed and implemented a mobile business process deployment framework that caters for both device independence and context-aware environments. In this paper the focus is on how device independence and context-awareness can be integrated for mobile business processes deployment.
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Paper Nr: 147
Title:

GIS-BASED MAP GENERATION USING NEW SURVEY TECHNIQUES

Authors:

Balqies Sadoun and Omar Al-Bayari

Abstract: Conservation of historical sites depends on acquiring all data related to their life history and their shape. We are using modern survey technologies such as GPS, satellite images, photogrammetry and classical instrumentation to build a Geographic Information System (GIS), digital library and precise base map with all its embedded benefits at a low cost. GIS offers digital documentation of the site and its surrounding environment, which is essential for the conservation and protection process of any heritage. In this work we are presenting GIS, digital base map and an orthophoto for a newly established museum and its surrounding to be used in GIS modeling. Global Positioning System (GPS) precise measurements and a high resolution satellite image were used to produce a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and an orthophoto for the site in order to create a three Dimensional model (3D). Finally, GIS and (3D) texture model for the museum were produced to conserve, protect, monitor and manage the facility. It offered as well, the scheme to create a web site to post all acquired information to publicize the new museum and the ability to employ any modern location based service (LBS) technologies (emergency, security, guiding etc.).
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Paper Nr: 58
Title:

eCT: THE B2C E-COMMERCE TOOLKIT FOR THE WEBCOMFORT PLATFORM

Authors:

Frederico Baptista, João Saraiva and Alberto Rodrigues da Silva

Abstract: Electronic commerce (e-Commerce) involves a complex set of business workflows regarding the buying and selling of products or services by means of electronic systems such as the Internet. e-Commerce applications can be supported, amongst other alternatives, by content management systems (CMS) through specific extensions. This paper presents the eCT extension, an e-Commerce extension developed on the top of the Web-Comfort CMS platform, whose main goals are: (1) adaptability to different contexts, such as different types of stores, countries, cultures or tax systems; (2) extensibility, due to the ease of development and addition of new functionalities; and (3) ease of installation and configuration, to fulfill different business requirements. This paper discusses the major technical details of the eCT, such as: (1) the product facet model; (2) the support to different e-commerce models; and (3) the support for different payment, shipping and taxing methods.
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Paper Nr: 71
Title:

SURVEY OF CONSUMERS’ DECISION MAKING PROCESS FOR ONLINE MUSIC SERVICE

Authors:

Ayako Hiramatsu, Takahiro Yamasaki and Kazuo Nose

Abstract: This paper describes a survey of consumer behavior for online shopping, especially online music services, because they are the most popular online shopping service in Japan. Based on Howard's consumer decision model, questionnaires about decision making for online music services were given to 282 students. The questionnaire results show that almost 90% of these students have downloaded from online music services, and high school students use such services slightly more than university students.
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Paper Nr: 81
Title:

TYPICAL PROBLEMS WITH DEVELOPING MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH CARE - Some Lessons Learned from Developing User-centered Mobile Applications in a Hospital Environment

Authors:

Andreas Holzinger, Martin Höller, Marcus BLOICE and Berndt URLESBERGER

Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the experiences gained during the design, development and implementation of mobile applications for use within the clinical domain. Current problems and issues that arose during the development of the software are documented and discussed. Medical professionals' opinions, both medical doctors and nurses, and their input were coupled with front end development (user interface design) and back end development (software engineering) to decide on the most optimum development path and to select the most appropriate environments. Most of all, this project can be seen as a further example that User-Centered Development (UCD) is necessary, however it is not sufficient when developing mobile, cross-platform, and future-proof applications for medicine and health care.
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Paper Nr: 88
Title:

A STUDY OF FACTOR AFFECTING CUSTOMER SWITCHING BEHAVIOR OF MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION 3.5G SERVICES

Authors:

Jungwoo Lee, Eok Baek and Sujung Sung

Abstract: Recently, Mobile Telecommunication businesses contend with each other to expand their customer base by using an aggressive marketing strategy. In order to determine if this strategy is effective, customer's and their switching behavior needs to be studied. This study identifies and analyzes direct, indirect factors affecting customer switching behavior such as attractiveness of alternatives, network externality, switching cost. The research results show that attractiveness of alternatives, network externalities have a direct impact on customer switching behavior. These factors also have a moderated effect on customer switching behavior but the switching cost does not influence customers directly.
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Paper Nr: 109
Title:

ADOPTION OF NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN BUSINESS TO CONSUMER SERVICES

Authors:

Arto Wallin, Juha Häikiö and Jaana Määttä

Abstract: Touch based interaction has been found out to provide fast and easy way to use mobile services. Near Field Communication technology (NFC) is one of the most promising ways to conduct touch based interaction with mobile phones. In this paper our aim is to identify challenges of the adoption of NFC related business to consumer services. The results of this study are based on three pilot cases conducted in Finland in 2007. Our research presents findings based on qualitative company interviews and both quantitative and qualitative user questionnaires. We conclude that there are several challenges in the adoption of NFC-based applications. However, expect for the shortage of NFC enabled mobile phones, challenges of the adoption may be reduced with careful planning and implementation of NFC-based applications.
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Paper Nr: 111
Title:

TAXONOMY FOR MOBILE TERMINALS - A Selective Classification Scheme

Authors:

Gunther Schiefer and Michael Decker

Abstract: There is a great number of different types of mobile computing devices like cellular phones, Handhelds and notebooks. However in literature so far there is no common accepted definition for these terminal types. Especially the term “Smartphone” is used for very different types of mobile phones. In our article we therefore propose a comprehensive taxonomy for mobile terminals that clearly distinguishes between different classes of terminals.
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Paper Nr: 133
Title:

IMPLEMENTING TRADING AGENTS FOR ADAPTABLE AND EVOLUTIVE UI-COTS COMPONENTS ARCHITECTURES

Authors:

José A. Asensio Cortés, Luis Iribarne, Nicolás Padilla Soriano and Rosa Ayala

Abstract: Most of the complex (e-Business) information systems need to accomplish with the use of open standards. Environmental Management Systems (EMS), for instance, state the international regulations of the ISO 14000 family, which establish the requirements to be fulfilled by an EMS in order to be accepted as such. One of these requirements concerns the User Interfaces Development. Because of the variety of final users that interact in this sort of complex information system (politicians, technicians, administrators, and so on) and due to a great deal of information (some critical and confidential), it is important to have real and practical scientific/technical proposals in order to build fast and efficient information exploitation systems. The human-computer interaction (HCI) of these systems need user interfaces that adapt to the users profiles’ habits, and with intelligent software agents that mediate by the users in the search processes, exploitation and decision-making tasks. In this work we present a part of the SOLERES-HCI, a framework of the Soleres Project for developing COTS user interfaces by using trading agents. Our studies are being applied for developing advanced EMS and approaching Model-driven engineering techniques to the UI-COTS development.
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Area 3 - Business and Social Applications

Full Papers
Paper Nr: 9
Title:

DEALING WITH BUSINESS PROCESS EVOLUTION USING VERSIONS

Authors:

Mohamed Amine Chaâbane, Eric Andonoff, Lotfi Bouzguenda and Rafik Bouaziz

Abstract: Competition in which enterprises and organizations are involved nowadays imposes them to often make evolve their business processes in order to meet, as quickly as possible, new business or production requirements. This paper proposes to adopt a version-based approach to support these dynamic changes of business processes. This approach permits to keep chronological business process changes: it is then possible to allow several instances of a same business process to own different schemas, each one representing a possible schema for the considered business process. Consequently, this approach is very suitable to deal with long-term business process evolution: it does not necessarily impose the adaptation and migration of running instances of business processes to a new business process schema. The paper contribution is threefold. First, it defines a meta-model for designing versions of business processes considering the three dimensions of business processes: the informational, organizational and process dimensions. Then, it introduces a taxonomy of operations for business process version management. Finally, it proposes to formalize and visualize modeled versions of business processes using a Petri net-based formalism, namely Petri net with Objects.
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Paper Nr: 21
Title:

A THEORY-DRIVEN FRAMEWORK FOR CONSUMERS TO ADOPT M-COMMERCE DEVICES

Authors:

Vincent Cho, Humphry Hung and Y.H. Wong

Abstract: M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless handheld electronic devices such as portable personal computers, mobile phones and personal digital assistants. This paper proposes a theory-driven examination of the adoption of M-commerce devices (MCD) by consumers in their on-line purchase processes. By integrating the concepts of the options model with the major ideas of the technology acceptance model (TAM), we identify four M’s (merits, maturity, maneuverability and mentality) as the influencing factors of the adoption of MCD. Based on the generic attributes of m-commerce, we further identify two M’s, matching and mobility, as the antecedents of these influencing factors. We then propose a conceptual model of the adoption of MCD by consumers. Because of the ubiquitous nature of m-commerce, the proposed framework would have universal implications and would make significant contributions to a more in-depth understanding of the spread and acceptability of m-commerce.
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Paper Nr: 36
Title:

IT APPLICATIONS IN PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL - A Survey of Medium Sized Business in German-speaking Europe

Authors:

Jakob Lewandowski, Matthias Buhl and Burkhard Kittl

Abstract: This paper addresses the use of IT-applications for production planning and control of medium-sized businesses in German-speaking Europe. The article summarises challenges today and expectations for the future. In particular, the kind of IT systems in use, experiences and satisfaction with IT support were key questions of the study. Basis of the research was a telephone survey with 150 IT managers of representative medium-sized enterprises in production, trade and service sectors.
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Paper Nr: 53
Title:

CONDITIONS FOR TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE - Broadening the Scope of Determinants of Ict Appropriation

Authors:

Pieter Verdegem and Lieven De Marez

Abstract: Regarding the ICT industry, we have a fast evolving sector being under pressure due to a growing number of failing innovations. Companies are forced to be the first on the market and for that reason thorough insights in user preferences are indispensable. New technological innovations often fail because too much attention is given to (technical) product-related features without taking into account the most important parameters of user acceptance. In this paper we highlight some theoretical considerations on this matter. First of all, we propose an approach in which more traditional and often scattered vision(s) on adoption determinants are broadened into an integrated framework. The approach should provide a stronger base for better targeting of (new) users of technologies. Second, we elaborate on this by rethinking these determinants with regard to the later adopters. Later adopters (or even non-users) are often ignored in technology acceptance research. However, especially for policy purposes, the understanding of why people do not adopt or do not use ICT is strongly relevant in the light of the development of the information society. Both approaches – focusing towards early as well as late adopters – are illustrated by case studies starting from a common framework. “Consumer research has shown that knowledge about the user tends to be limited … It is quite self-evident that both social and commercial policies will benefit from accurate insight into the different parameters determining the success (acceptance and use) of these technologies according to a user’s point of view.” (Burgelman, 2000: 236)
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Paper Nr: 55
Title:

BARRIERS TO MOBILE BANKING ADOPTION - A Cross-national Study

Authors:

Tommi Laukkanen and Pedro Cruz

Abstract: The objective of this study is to explore barriers to mobile banking adoption in two distinct European countries namely Finland and Portugal. Even successful innovation may face various types of resistance that may paralyse customers' desire to adopt or use the innovation. We investigated the country effect to five adoption barriers namely usage, value, risk, tradition and image, derived from the earlier literature. An Internet questionnaire was developed and 3.597 usable responses were collected. A confirmatory factor analysis was implemented with SEM to build the constructs’ latent score levels. Using non-parametric difference tests we concluded that the resistance is significantly lower among the Portuguese online bank customers in terms of four out of the five barriers. The results can be used for a better understanding and enhancement of adoption of this specific case of m-commerce.
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Paper Nr: 74
Title:

BUSINESS AND TECHNICAL WORKFLOWS FOR E-BUSINESS IN A VIRTUAL CLUSTER OF ISPS

Authors:

Jane Hall and Klaus-Peter Eckert

Abstract: Although workflow technologies have existed for some time, their true potential is only now being unlocked with the emergence of Web services technology and XML in conjunction with expanding Internet use. There has been extensive support for Web services and the standards have matured sufficiently for widespread adoption, replacing proprietary standards for interfaces and data that hindered the integration and automation of business processes, especially between partners wanting to cooperate in a virtual organization. This paper discusses the application of workflow technologies in supporting the e-Business of small Internet Service Providers (ISPs) collaborating in a virtual cluster. Not only business processes but also innovative technical processes are being executed as workflows in the marketing, deployment and operation of tailored ISP services. A scenario depicts the actual processes used and illustrates how the software being developed supports e-Business for ISPs collaborating in a virtual cluster.
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Paper Nr: 75
Title:

FACTORS AFFECTING THE USAGE OF T-GOVERNMENT SERVICES - An Exploratory Study

Authors:

Michele Cornacchia, Filomena Papa, Stefano Livi, Bartolomeo Sapio, Enrico Nicolò and Gaetano Bruno

Abstract: Developing humanly acceptable information and interactive systems is a complex process where testing from the outset, the setting of operational criteria for efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction, the development of prototyping etc., has to be considered as the central activity of a field implementation. Design and operative alternatives can be effectively selected and long-term targets can be seen to be attainable. However, sometimes it happens, especially in the domain of information system implementation, that obtained datasets can be effectively utilised to reach more tailored purposes. The case of interactive T-government services at the Municipality of Parma is analysed aiming to redesign the analysis model about the factors affecting the usage. To this respect one of the most recognized ICT predicting models in the literature is utilized. Final results show the success of the methodology and encourage further developments and applications in contiguous areas of ICT designed for residential population.
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Paper Nr: 77
Title:

BUSINESS PROCESSES MANAGEMENT USING PROCESS ALGEBRA AND RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL

Authors:

Kelly Braghetto, João E. Ferreira and Calton Pu

Abstract: Integrating information systems with tools that manage workflows and business processes is not always a simple task. This difficulty becomes more accentuated when the execution control assumes countless business processes. This work presents NavigationPlanTool (NPTool), a tool to control the execution of business processes that can be easily integrated into the information systems. NPTool is supported by Navigation Plan Definition Language (NPDL), a language for business processes specification that uses process algebra as formal foundation. NPTool implements the NPDL language as a SQL extension and offers two other important services: processes instantiation and process instances execution monitor. This paper describes the NPTool showing how the process algebra features combined with a relational database model can be used to provide a scalable and reliable control in the execution of business processes.
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Paper Nr: 82
Title:

ON THE USE OF “QUALIFIED” DIGITAL SIGNATURES

Authors:

Maurizio A. Strangio

Abstract: The European Commission Directive 1999/99/EC aims to provide a community-wide framework for the use of electronic signatures and thus for promoting electronic trade and communication among the member states. The directive introduces the notion of “qualified” digital certificates as a means to maintain legal effects of digital data that are analogous to those of paper-based signatures. To this end, proofs of (physical) identity and possession (of the private key) are fundamental requirements that must be fulfilled by the requester during the public key enrollment process. Digital signatures are often employed as secure buildings blocks in key agreement protocols that use public key authentication. The need for the rigorous analysis of such protocols has recently emerged; there are currently several formal models of distributed computing that may serve for this purpose. However, we point out these models employ rather trivial or unpractical approaches in the modeling of the procedures and policies employed by certification authorities. We believe that usage of qualified certificates not only should represent the standard practice for CAs in order to sustain secure electronic commerce (and in general all forms of secure communication) but also represents the first step towards the domain of a global PKI.
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Paper Nr: 102
Title:

RESEARCHING SEARCH - A Study into Search Engine Marketing Practices in Ireland

Authors:

Chris Barry and Debbie Charleton

Abstract: Researchers have identified the Web as the searchers first port of call for locating information. Search Engine Marketing (SEM) strategies have been noted as a key area for firms to consider when developing, maintaining and managing their Websites. SEM falls into two categories - ‘Search Engine Optimisation’ (SEO) and ‘Paid Search’. To examine how these SEM methods are reflected in practice, and the issues inherent in carrying out SEM effectively, a survey was conducted amongst small to medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ireland. The research reveals that Irish SMEs plan to spend more time and resources on SEM in the future. Most firms utilize an informal SEM strategy, where SEO is perceived to be the more effective technique in driving traffic to a company Website. Respondents cite the use of ‘keywords in title and description tags’ as the most used SEM technique; while ‘Pay for Placement’ was found to be the most widely used Paid Search technique. In concurrence with the literature, measuring SEM performance remains a significant challenge with many firms unsure if they measure it effectively. An encouraging finding from the study is that Irish SMEs adopt a positive ethical posture when undertaking SEM.
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Short Papers
Paper Nr: 33
Title:

AN OPTIMIZATION METHOD FOR REDEMPTION AND DUE DATE MATCHING IN ASSIGNMENT OF ELECTRONIC RECEIVABLES BY USING INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAMMING

Authors:

Toshiyuki Moritsu and Norihisa Komoda

Abstract: This paper shows an optimization method for redemption and due date matching which assigns the receivables to the payments date under the pre-defined constraints which related companies specified. Our proposed method determines the pairs of the receivables and the payment with proper new settlement date which closes the fluid assets of companies to their target amounts by extending/shortening the redemption/due date. This paper shows that this matching program is categorized in integer linear programming. By applying this matching mechanism, transferors could utilize credit of issuers and also reduce fluid assets for payments. Effectiveness of our optimization method is shown by executing simulation which emulates the issuing and receiving status of receivables in Japanese companies.
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Paper Nr: 46
Title:

E-LEARNING FOR NEW GRADUATE EMPLOYEES - Another Function of e-Learning for New Graduate Employees of Japanese and Korean Companies

Authors:

Jiro Usugami

Abstract: Japanese companies tend to consider that e-learning is important for a reason other than human capital development in new graduate employee training and development programs, namely for improving employee retention. Two remarkable features of the Japanese employment system are the seasonally scheduled hiring of new graduates and company commitment to the T&D programs for new graduate employees before and after their official hiring. Today, large- and medium-sized Japanese companies make their offers to candidates nearly one year prior to their graduation from university or college. Many of these companies also provide various T&D programs, including e-learning, for the potential new graduate employees until their graduation. We call these “pre-entry training” programs. They are distinguished from internship programs in that pre-entry training programs are provided only for those students who are due to be officially hired the next fiscal year. Besides Japanese companies, a number of foreign companies in Japan and some Korean companies provide pre-entry training programs that utilize e-learning. This study examines, based on case studies, the hypothesis that e-learning in the pre-entry training programs for new graduate employees has the function of retention as well as human capital development.
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Paper Nr: 52
Title:

OPERATIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL DIMENSIONS OF E-SUPPLY CHAINS AMONG MALAYSIAN’S SMES

Authors:

Kay H. Keoy, Mohamed Zairi and Khalid Hafeez

Abstract: This paper reviews the available literature to identify theoretical and empirical gaps regarding e-Supply chain adoption among small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). We argue that a generic e-Supply chain framework should employ appropriate operational and behavioural perspectives. We propose that e-Supply chain operation can succeed only when integrated with an efficient supply chain network and a strategic plan committed to e-Business. Survey data from 208 Malaysian SMEs are collected and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is employed to apply the proposed framework. More specifically, a set of three empirical models are examined to evaluate the validity and impact of supply chain strategy, e-Business adoption, and the interaction of these constructs on business performance. Our review suggests that much of the existing e-Supply chain adoption and implementation literature is not firmly grounded in theory. We have suggested that the systems engineering tradition of focusing on the interactions of technology, organizational structure, and personnel provides a useful framework for understanding the business performance of e-Business. The technology-organisational and people (TOP) dimensions are based on sound systems engineering principles that are widely recognised and accepted for improving manufacturing organisation. We suggest that these principles are equally valid for the e-Business oriented and virtual organisations. These expectations are supported by our empirical results. We find that measures based on the TOP conceptual scheme provide reliable and valid scales that are equally applicable to both e-Business and non-e-Business firms.
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Paper Nr: 61
Title:

A COMPARISON OF WEB SITE ADOPTION IN SMALL AND LARGE PORTUGUESE FIRMS

Authors:

Tiago Oliveira and Maria O. Martins

Abstract: This study compares the impact of different Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) factors on the web site adoption decision in small and large firms. A survey that was undertaken by the National Institute of Statistics on the use of Information Technologies (IT) by firms in Portugal was used as the empirical basis for this study. We found significantly differences in the factors that determined web site adoption decision in small and large firms. While large firms are mainly influenced by organizational and environmental factors, small firms are also concerned about the technological context. Moreover, the results of our study suggested that, for Portuguese firms, the only factor that is equally important as web site facilitator is competitive pressure.
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Paper Nr: 66
Title:

PROTOCOL OF AUTHENTICITY TO PROVIDE LEGAL SECURITY IN E-CONTRACTS - A Prototype

Authors:

Joao F. Oliveira, Cinthia Freitas and Altair O. Santin

Abstract: This paper discusses the security problems on the contracts deals over the Internet and describes a protocol of authenticity that will keep audit trails from the activities during the Web hiring. These audit trails will be stored digitally, either on the side of the provider or on the consumer. It is understood that it is legal obligation of the provider to logs and ensure the integrity of the data related to the operations on the Internet-based commerce. because in situations of dispute can occur a reversal of the burden of proof. Thus, this prototype ensures confidence on the e-contracts, logging relevant information that help in the identification of the parties, using a Plug-in software installed on the e-commerce provider and in the consumer machine, executable in the Web. Moreover, it is important to remind about the security in contracts agreements over the Internet is an essential feature because it allows the consumer a guarantee of contract award, since it maintains the integrity of the document, and also can be presented as evidence to the Judiciary, helping in litigation and satisfying the premises of the legal acceptance of digital documents.
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Paper Nr: 67
Title:

USING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL TO EVALUATE USERS’ ATTITUDE AND INTENTION OF USES

Authors:

Dauw-Song Zhu and Chih-Te Lin

Abstract: Many empirical studies have pointed out that the technology acceptance model (TAM) can be used to explain whether users can accept a new information technology. Therefore, this study has adopted TAM to investigate external factors that affect gamers’ acceptance of online games. In this study, system quality, information quality, and service provider’s characteristics were taken as external variables. It was discovered that in the aspect of perceptions, system quality had positive effects on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Service provider’s characteristics had positive effects on perceived usefulness and perceived trust. Besides, in the relationship between user’s perception and attitude and intention, the research finding was consistent with TAM has suggested; i.e. perceived ease of use had positive effects on perceived usefulness and user’s attitude, and perceived usefulness had positive effect on user’s attitude. Finally, user’s perceived trust and attitude would be positively correlated with user’s intention of use.
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Paper Nr: 96
Title:

SEMANTIC INTEROPERABILITY FOR E-BUSINESS IN THE ISP SERVICE DOMAIN

Authors:

Jane Hall and Stefanos Koukoulas

Abstract: Enterprise interoperability is a challenging goal that has many facets, one of which being the need for cooperating enterprises to have a precise understanding of the information that they exchange with each other. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) collaborating in a virtual cluster to market, customize and provision services to customers require the same understanding of these services and their features. This paper describes the work being undertaken in the European IST project VISP (IST-FP6-027178) to meet this requirement. ISP services are being classified and formally specified and an ontology is being developed for the ISP service domain.
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Paper Nr: 115
Title:

ON-DEMAND MOBILE CRM APPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL MARKETING - Business and Technology Perspective

Authors:

Viktor Kaufman, Yuri Natchetoi and Vasily Ponomarev

Abstract: Solutions for Customer Relationship Management (CRM) tend to evolve from the traditional passive recording of transactions between the Company and the Customer to agile optimized strategies for interaction and cooperation with the Customer. Despite considerable industry and research interest to the new ”social” CRM 2.0, the gap between the vision and the reality is still quite large. Use of handheld devices deserves special attention in this respect. Although it can boost sales, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, the amount of research work and the number of mobile applications in this area is low. In this paper, we focus on design and implementation of mobile social CRM solutions, which make extensive use of collaboration technologies. By means of simple business use-case scenarios, we argue that good understanding of business objectives, business processes, and technology issues, together, is crucial for development of compelling social CRM applications.
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Paper Nr: 128
Title:

E-COMPLEMENTARITY - The Link to e-Business Value

Authors:

Pedro Soto-Acosta and Angel L. Meroño-Cerdan

Abstract: In recent years, much debate about the value of e-Business and information technology (IT) has been raised. Although the macro-level effect of IT and e-Business is undisputed, a question remains on whether e-Business can provide differential benefits to individual firms. In this sense, there is a need to further investigate whether and how e-Business creates value. To respond to this challenge, this paper develops a conceptual model, grounded in the resource-based theory, which analyzes the complementarity of Internet resources and e-Business capabilities as source of business value. This model posits three relationships: Internet resources and business value, internal e-Business capabilities and business value, and the complementarity of Internet resources and internal e-Business capabilities. To test hypotheses, a sample comprising 1,010 Spanish firms is employed. The results show that, as hypothesized, Internet resources per se are not positively related to business value and that internal e-Business capabilities have a positive significant impact on business value. In addition, the results offer support for the complementarity of Internet resources and internal e-Business capabilities as source of business value.
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Paper Nr: 141
Title:

A RESEARCH MODEL OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR MOBILE DEVICES - Description of a Research Model about Customer Relationship Management Projects

Authors:

Rebecca Bulander

Abstract: In literature we can find evidence about a high number of failed CRM projects. However concerning CRM projects in combination with the implementation of mobile devices for field staff in sales and services there aren’t many results published. So there are missing information about the success of such projects, the success factors and the objectives. This paper presents a research model about such CRM projects. A CRM project in this paper is defined as an implementation of a CRM system together with mobile devices. The research model will give further insight into the success factors of such projects and the achieved objectives.
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Paper Nr: 20
Title:

A STUDY OF INNOVATION DIFFUSION OF ELECTRONIC PATIENT RECORDS FOR SUPPORTING MEDICAL PRACTICE

Authors:

Vincent Cho and Geoffrey Lieu

Abstract: This paper proposes a study on the underlying factors affecting the adoption, routinization and infusion of electronic patient record in the clinics of Hong Kong. We suggest using a focus group to identify the potential antecedents for the three stages of innovation diffusion (adoption, routinization and infusion). Then a theoretical framework based on the antecedents and their impact on innovation diffusion will be layout. It will be verified upon a survey sending to the medical practitioners in Hong Kong.
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Paper Nr: 24
Title:

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ROMANIAN UNIVERSITIES

Authors:

Ana R. Bologa, Razvan Bologa, Ghoerghe Sabau and Mihaela Muntean

Abstract: This paper shortly presents the situation of the Romanian universities regarding information systems implementation and deployment. The information presented is the result of a study regarding the current state of the Romanian universities in the process of data and information system integration, performed at the end of 2007 in 35 accredited universities. This study was used as a base for identifying and analyzing the main factors of influence for developing an integrated university environment and for identifying concrete action directions for accomplishing that integration.
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Paper Nr: 24
Title:

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ROMANIAN UNIVERSITIES

Authors:

Ana R. Bologa, Razvan Bologa, Ghoerghe Sabau and Mihaela Muntean

Abstract: This paper shortly presents the situation of the Romanian universities regarding information systems implementation and deployment. The information presented is the result of a study regarding the current state of the Romanian universities in the process of data and information system integration, performed at the end of 2007 in 35 accredited universities. This study was used as a base for identifying and analyzing the main factors of influence for developing an integrated university environment and for identifying concrete action directions for accomplishing that integration.
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Paper Nr: 37
Title:

A FEATURE EXTRACTING METHOD FOR TAMPER DETECTION IN PRINTED DOCUMENTS

Authors:

Yoshiyasu Takahashi, Takaaki Yamada and Seiichi Susaki

Abstract: In this paper, we propose our feature extracting method for tamper detection in printed documents. To detect the tamper of the printed document, a feature extracting method is needed. In this paper, we describe our feature extracting method. Our feature extracting method is based on the location of the mean point of each dot. We have estimated our feature extracting method’s probability of the collision, its uniformity of the distribution, its invariability during D/A and A/D transform and its invariability during the ordinal change of paper. We have found that our feature extracting method can extract desirable feature value.
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Paper Nr: 50
Title:

THE AFFECTION OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ON MEDIA CHOICE - A Case about Chinese Miniature Automobile Consumers

Authors:

Dao-ping CHEN and Wei Liu

Abstract: This paper explores the media choice of Chinese miniature automobile consumers in obtaining purchasing information about miniature automobile. A worldwide survey involved a majority of Chinese areas was conducted. The survey focused on consumers' demographic characteristics and media choice. The result of the survey shows that consumers chiefly choose newspaper, TV or automobile exhibitions as the media to obtain purchasing information about miniature automobile. Then, based on optimal scaling regression analysis of statistics, the influences of demographic characteristics on media choice were studied. The study finds that consumers' demographic characteristics significantly affect their media choice. In detail, consumers' living city, occupation and education are three most important characteristics that affect the media choice of consumers.
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Paper Nr: 59
Title:

WEB BASED COLLABORATIVE DOCUMENT CREATION AND REVIEW SYSTEM

Authors:

Marius I. Podean, Raluca Arba and Loredana Muresan

Abstract: An important aspect in distributed teams and organization is their ability to manage documents. A collaborative document editing system that integrates functionalities from document management systems, workflow, collaborative editing with support for virtual teams can increase team efficiency and allow users to concentrate their efforts on content development. This paper reports a case study implementing this approach in collaboratively creating scientific papers. The use of XML when treating documents proves to be the appropriate solution to develop user and document centered systems.
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Paper Nr: 68
Title:

ANTECEDENCES AND CONSEQUENCES OF E-SERVICE QUALITY ACROSS INDUSTRY SECTORS

Authors:

Dauw-Song Zhu, Chih-Te Lin and Yu-Ling Su

Abstract: A few studies are available on the different sectors basis on the determinants of success in online retailing. This study tries to identify which e-Service dimensions serve as determinants of e-Service quality (Zeithaml et al., 2002). Therefore we focused on analyzing impacts on overall e-Service performance of various e-Service quality dimensions in internet retailing. We analyzed the impact of e-Service quality dimensions of online retailers along several sectors. We found that while many dimensions of online service performance were similar in their impact across all sectors, several dimensions in particular exhibited sector-by-sector performance differences.
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Paper Nr: 73
Title:

RFID PASSWORD MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR FALSIFICATION PREVENTION IN BOOKSTORE MANAGEMENT USING SECURE RFID TAGS

Authors:

Yuichi Kobayashi, Yoji Taniguchi, Toshiyuki Kuwana and Masanori Akiyoshi

Abstract: The receipt data on radio frequency identification (RFID) tags attached to books may be used to prevent shoplifting in bookstores. To protect the receipt data, it is important to manage the passwords of RFID tags. We use Secure RFID tags, which protects data with an RFID password, for preventing falsification of RFID data. We also propose ten methods that manage RFID passwords from the point of the phases of RFID passwords and the ways a password is associated with a Secure RFID tag. We analyze and compare these methods using fault tree analysis. We show that our proposed RFID passwords management methods are effective in preventing falsification for resale.
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Paper Nr: 79
Title:

WORK LISTS FOR THE TRANSPORT OF PATIENTS - A Case for Mobile Applications in Health Care

Authors:

Andreas Holzinger, Jürgen Trauner and Stefan Biffl

Abstract: In many hospitals, the workflow involved in transporting patients is supported by interactive work lists on desktop computers that provide the status of a work order and detailed information on request. However, the nurses, who organize and conduct the transportation, need to go to the desktop in order to update the work list status; which has been found very time consuming. In this paper we report on the development of a mobile solution prototype that provides interactive transport work lists on a PDA and we discuss some design and implementation issues. Despite the limited screen size, end-users were able to use the PDA with no more problems than their usual desktop user interface as the PDA user interface can be customized with property files to fit exactly the requirements of the end-users in the hospital.
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Paper Nr: 100
Title:

TECHNOLOGY VS BUSINESS NEEDS IN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE PROJECTS

Authors:

Ana R. Bologa, Razvan Bologa and Adela Bara

Abstract: This article presents the development of a real industry business intelligence project, in a company that used an ERP system. We have focused on the main factors that influenced and affected the project development and it analyses the system evolution from technical point of view, the solutions found to fulfill the changing requirements, but also the impact of the company reorganization on the project. This particular experience can be of use to all those who are involved in building business intelligence solutions to reveal some of success factors, to prevent or to solve some of the inherent problems related to this type of projects.
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Paper Nr: 101
Title:

WEBSITE INTERACTIVITY - e-Commerce Usability Perspectives in Indonesia

Authors:

Vincent Didiek Wiet Aryanto

Abstract: Usability is a key factor of website that is commercially successful. Interactivity has been linked to website usability. This research confirms that improving website interactivity promotes website usability. In addition, the extension of previous research such as usability sub construct such as learn ability, memorability, efficiency, user error and self-efficacy are validated to improve the body of knowledge particularly on e-commerce research.
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Paper Nr: 107
Title:

THE HONG KONG GOVERNMENT AUTOMATED PASSENGER CLEARANCE SYSTEM (E-CHANNEL) - A Study of Channel Management Strategies

Authors:

Tak M. Lam

Abstract: This paper studies the operation and IT applications in Hong Kong e-channel, including the network, authentication, and database management, the overall benefits and costs, the evaluation of the IT investment justification, followed by potential problems of e-channel and possible solutions, finally, a comparison will be made between Hong Kong e-channel and US e-channel, with further recommendations, followed by a brief conclusion. E-channel is an Automated Passenger Clearance System which was launched on 16 December 2004, in order to enhance the efficiency of the clearance system.
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Paper Nr: 108
Title:

THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY IN E-GOVERNMENT ESDLIFE IN HONG KONG

Authors:

Tak M. Lam

Abstract: Increasingly e-governments are turning to public and private partnerships as an alternative option to fund IT projects. Also The Hong Kong Government developed ESDlife.com as a one-stop portal to deliver public and private information and services. The portal’s brand name “ESDLife” best demonstrates the vision to make “life” simpler and easier for the Hong Kong community. This paper is to discuss whether this business model would deliver a competitive advantage to customers using the case of “ESDLife. E-government, like e-commerce, will not be automatically successful by investing resources without clear strategic understanding of the critical success factors.
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Paper Nr: 113
Title:

A WEB-BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR E-GOV APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Authors:

Marcelo Tilli, André Panhan, Osman lima and Leonardo Mendes

Abstract: In this paper we present a web-based architecture for e-gov application development. We propose to study and characterize a software development environment of “electronic governance in cities”, with emphasis on: legacy system integration, heterogeneous data base integration and development of an integrated web-based environment for the provision of e-gov services. This architecture is based on a 4-layer MVC model, the typical MVC (Model, View, Controller) plus a data layer, this architecture imposes few requirements to its clients, mainly a HTML web-browser, which allows this architecture to be platform-independent.
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Paper Nr: 135
Title:

WEBSITE CREDIBILITY - A Proposal on an Evaluation Method for e-Commerce

Authors:

Katsuya Watanabe, Masaya Ando and Noboru Sonehara

Abstract: This paper introduces a research for clarifying the structure of the website credibility. The users with low information literacy cannot have difficulty making use of e-Commerce services because they cannot judge the credibility of websites appropriately. Conventional approaches to evaluate the credibility of a website have been based on aspects like the design of the website or the usage of information security technologies. However, it is not sufficient for users with low information literacy to distinguish ill-intentioned sites based on the site design and security technologies alone. In this paper we examine a more comprehensive analysis and evaluation method which is based not only on evidence internal to the site, but also on third-party information about the site provider.
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